| The Caddisflies (Trichoptera) of Nottinghamshire |
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| In our efforts to highlight the county's less studied invertebrate Orders, it seems that we continually write about the lack of current knowledge and interest in those Orders. Trichoptera (Caddisflies) are no exception, especially in terms of the general lack of interest showed in them by today's naturalists. | ||
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| There's a similar lack of interest showed in Neuroptera (Lacewings) and
to be honest, much of this is brought about
by the assumption that Caddisflies are difficult to identify, cannot
really be done from photographs and that the use of a scalpel and
microscope is essential. Whilst a microscope is required for some species, a number of Caddisflies can be identified from good quality photographs and there's obviously plenty of species to identify in Nottinghamshire. Perhaps rather surprisingly, it turns out that there are some 6,300 Caddisfly records, representing a total of 108 species found in Nottinghamshire. |
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Caddisflies in Nottinghamshire Nottinghamshire's 108 species, comes out of 200 species presently known from the UK. Just over a century ago, J.W. Carr in his book 'The Invertebrate Fauna of Nottinghamshire, published by J.& H. Bell Ltd in 1916' mentions some 65 species in Nottinghamshire, out of a total of 174 species recorded in the UK at the time. Carr goes on to mention that 'many more will doubtless be found when the Order is more systematically worked' and he states that he 'was grateful to K.J. Morton for determining most of the county's species/records'. Because so little information on Nottinghamshire Caddisflies was available on the internet, we thought it time to publish something which could spark some interest. They are a much neglected order and we are not aware of individual in the county, who is presently recording them. Thankfully, we were contacted by Ian Wallace in early 2019. Ian runs the UK Caddis Recording Scheme and very kindly supplied us with the current Nottinghamshire species list below. The majority of the Scheme's Nottinghamshire records have come from the Environment Agency and the dataset of Bob Merritt. Bob privately sent us his invertebrate records a number of years ago, after he stopped his invertebrate recording in Nottinghamshire and moved up to Scotland. More information on the UK Caddis Recording Scheme can be found at the bottom of this page. |
| Nottinghamshire's Caddisfly species list |
| Sub-order Spicipalpia (Primitive Caddis) |
| RHYACOPHILIDAE Pictet, 1834 |
| RHYACOPHILA Pictet, 1834 |
| Rhyacophila dorsalis (Curtis, 1834) |
| Rhyacophila fasciata Hagen, 1859 |
| GLOSSOSOMATIDAE |
| AGAPETUS Curtis, 1834 |
| Agapetus fuscipes Curtis, 1834 |
| Agapetus ochripes Curtis, 1834 |
| GLOSSOSOMA Curtis, 1834 |
| Glossosoma boltoni Curtis, 1834 |
| HYDROPTILIDAE |
| AGRAYLEA Curtis, 1834 |
| Agraylea multipunctata Curtis, 1834 |
| Agraylea sexmaculata Curtis, 1834 |
| ALLOTRICHIA McLachlan, 1880 |
| Allotrichia pallicornis (Eaton, 1873) |
| HYDROPTILA Dalman, 1819 |
| Hydroptila forcipata (Eaton, 1873) |
| Hydroptila sparsa Curtis, 1834 |
| Hydroptila tineoides Dalman, 1819 |
| Hydroptila vectis Curtis, 1834 |
| ITHYTRICHIA Eaton, 1873 |
| Ithytrichia lamellaris Eaton, 1873 |
| Sub-order Annulipalpia (Retreat making or 'Caseless' Caddis) |
| PHILOPOTAMIDAE |
| PHILOPOTAMUS Stephens, 1829 |
| Philopotamus montanus (Donovan, 1813) |
| WORMALDIA McLachlan, 1865 |
| Wormaldia occipitalis (Pictet, 1834) |
| Wormaldia subnigra McLachlan, 1865 |
| ECNOMIDAE |
| ECNOMUS McLachlan, 186 |
| Ecnomus tenellus (Rambur, 1842) |
| POLYCENTROPODIDAE |
| CYRNUS Stephens, 1836 |
| Cyrnus flavidus McLachlan, 1864 |
| Cyrnus trimaculatus (Curtis, 1834) |
| HOLOCENTROPUS McLachlan, 1878 |
| Holocentropus dubius (Rambur, 1842) |
| Holocentropus picicornis (Stephens, 1836) |
| NEURECLIPSIS McLachlan, 1864 |
| Neureclipsis bimaculata (Linnaeus, 1758) |
| PLECTROCNEMIA Stephens, 1836 |
| Plectrocnemia conspersa (Curtis, 1834) |
| Plectrocnemia geniculata McLachlan, 1871 |
| POLYCENTROPUS Curtis, 1835 |
| Polycentropus flavomaculatus (Pictet, 1834) |
| Polycentropus irroratus (Curtis, 1835) |
| Polycentropus kingi McLachlan, 1881 |
| PSYCHOMYIIDAE |
| LYPE McLachlan, 1878 |
| Lype phaeopa (Stephens, 1836) |
| Lype reducta (Hagen, 1868) |
| PSYCHOMYIA |
| Psychomyia pusilla (Fabricius, 1781) |
| TINODES Curtis, 1834 |
| Tinodes assimilis McLachlan, 1865 |
| Tinodes dives (Pictet, 1834) |
| Tinodes waeneri (Linnaeus, 1758) |
| HYDROPSYCHIDAE |
| HYDROPSYCHE Pictet, 1834 |
| Hydropsyche contubernalis McLachlan, 1865 |
| Hydropsyche fulvipes (Curtis, 1834) |
| Hydropsyche instabilis (Curtis, 1834) |
| Hydropsyche pellucidula (Curtis, 1834) |
| Hydropsyche siltalai Dohler, 1963 |
| Sub-order Integripalpia 'Cased' Caddis |
| PHRYGANEIDAE |
| AGRYPNIA Curtis, 1835 |
| Agrypnia pagetana Curtis, 1835 |
| Agrypnia varia (Fabricius, 1793) |
| OLIGOTRICHA Rambur, 1842 |
| Oligotricha striata (Linnaeus, 1758) |
| PHRYGANEA Linnaeus, 1758 |
| Phryganea bipunctata Retzius, 1783 |
| Phryganea grandis Linnaeus, 1758 |
| BRACHYCENTRIDAE |
| BRACHYCENTRUS Curtis, 1834 |
| Brachycentrus subnubilus Curtis, 1834 |
| GOERIDAE |
| GOERA Stephens, 1829 |
| Goera pilosa (Fabricius, 1775) |
| SILO Curtis, 1830 |
| Silo nigricornis (Pictet, 1834) |
| Silo pallipes (Fabricius, 1781) |
| LEPIDOSTOMATIDAE |
| CRUNOECIA McLachlan, 1876 |
| Crunoecia irrorata (Curtis, 1834) |
| LEPIDOSTOMA Rambur, 1842 |
| Lepidostoma basale (Kolenati, 1848) |
| Lepidostoma hirtum (Fabricius, 1775) |
| APATANIIDAE Wallengren, 1886 |
| APATANIA Kolenati, 1848 |
| Apatania muliebris McLachlan, 1866 |
| LIMNEPHILIDAE |
| DRUSUS Stephens, 1833 |
| Drusus annulatus (Stephens, 1837) |
| ECCLISOPTERYX Kolenati, 1848 |
| Ecclisopteryx dalecarlica Kolenati, 1848 |
| CHAETOPTERYX Stephens, 1829 |
| Chaetopteryx villosa (Fabricius, 1798) |
| ANABOLIA Stephens, 1837 |
| Anabolia nervosa (Curtis, 1834) |
| GLYPHOTAELIUS Stephens, 1833 |
| Glyphotaelius pellucidus (Retzius, 1783) |
| GRAMMOTAULIUS Kolenati, 1848 |
| Grammotaulius nigropunctatus (Retzius, 1783) |
| LIMNEPHILUS Leach in Brewster, 1815 |
| Limnephilus affinis Curtis, 1834 |
| Limnephilus auricula Curtis, 1834 |
| Limnephilus bipunctatus Curtis, 1834 |
| Limnephilus centralis Curtis, 1834 |
| Limnephilus decipiens (Kolenati, 1848) |
| Limnephilus extricatus McLachlan, 1865 |
| Limnephilus flavicornis (Fabricius, 1787) |
| Limnephilus fuscicornis (Rambur, 1842) |
| Limnephilus griseus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
| Limnephilus hirsutus (Pictet, 1834) |
| Limnephilus ignavus McLachlan, 1865 |
| Limnephilus incisus Curtis, 1834 |
| Limnephilus lunatus Curtis, 1834 |
| Limnephilus marmoratus Curtis, 1834 |
| Limnephilus politus McLachlan, 1865 |
| Limnephilus rhombicus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
| Limnephilus sparsus Curtis, 1834 |
| Limnephilus stigma Curtis, 1834 |
| Limnephilus vittatus (Fabricius, 1798) |
| HALESUS Stephens, 1836 |
| Halesus digitatus (Schrank, 1781) |
| Halesus radiatus (Curtis, 1834) |
| HYDATOPHYLAX Wallengren, 1891 |
| Hydatophylax infumatus (McLachlan, 1865) |
| MICROPTERNA Stein, 1874 |
| Micropterna lateralis (Stephens, 1837) |
| Micropterna sequax McLachlan, 1875 |
| POTAMOPHYLAX Wallengren, 1891 |
| Potamophylax cingulatus (Stephens, 1837) |
| Potamophylax latipennis (Curtis, 1834) |
| Potamophylax rotundipennis (Brauer, 1857) |
| STENOPHYLAX Kolenati, 1848 |
| Stenophylax permistus McLachlan, 1895 |
| SERICOSTOMATIDAE |
| NOTIDOBIA Stephens, 1829 |
| Notidobia ciliaris (Linnaeus, 1761) |
| SERICOSTOMA Latreille, 1825 |
| Sericostoma personatum (Spence in Kirby & Spence, 1826) |
| BERAEIDAE |
| BERAEA Stephens, 1836 |
| Beraea maurus (Curtis, 1834) |
| Beraea pullata (Curtis, 1834) |
| BERAEODES Eaton, 1867 |
| Beraeodes minutus (Linnaeus, 1761) |
| ODONTOCERIDAE |
| ODONTOCERUM Leach in Brewster, 1815 |
| Odontocerum albicorne (Scopoli, 1763) |
| MOLANNIDAE |
| MOLANNA Curtis, 1834 |
| Molanna angustata Curtis, 1834 |
| LEPTOCERIDAE |
| ADICELLA McLachlan, 1877 |
| Adicella reducta (McLachlan, 1865) |
| ATHRIPSODES Billberg, 1820 |
| Athripsodes albifrons (Linnaeus, 1758) |
| Athripsodes aterrimus (Stephens, 1836) |
| Athripsodes bilineatus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
| Athripsodes cinereus (Curtis, 1834) |
| CERACLEA Stephens, 1829 |
| Ceraclea albimacula (Rambur, 1842) |
| Ceraclea annulicornis (Stephens, 1836) |
| Ceraclea dissimilis (Stephens, 1836) |
| Ceraclea nigronervosa (Retzius, 1783) |
| Ceraclea senilis (Burmeister, 1839) |
| LEPTOCERUS Leach in Brewster, 1815 |
| Leptocerus tineiformis Curtis, 1834 |
| MYSTACIDES Berthold, 1827 |
| Mystacides azurea (Linnaeus, 1761) |
| Mystacides longicornis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
| Mystacides nigra (Linnaeus, 1758) |
| OECETIS McLachlan, 1877 |
| Oecetis lacustris (Pictet, 1834) |
| Oecetis ochracea (Curtis, 1825) |
| TRIAENODES McLachlan, 1877 |
| Triaenodes bicolor (Curtis, 1834) |
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The National Trichoptera recording scheme The Nottinghamshire species list produced above, was compiled and made available to us for publication by Ian Wallace. Ian runs the UK Caddis Recording Scheme, which has 6,300 records for Nottinghamshire representing a current total of 108 species known from VC56. The majority of records come from the Environment Agency and are of common flowing water species. The Scheme's iRECORD data has been made available to the Nottingham Biological and Geological Records Centre (NBGRC) at Wollaton Hall. Ian regards Nottinghamshire as an under-recorded county, suggesting that the lack of Caddisfly records conincides with the lack of identification keys to live adults. A new guide is in preparation and will hopefully be available in 2020, but photos can be sent via the iRECORD system and will be verified by Ian where possible. For adult
Caddisflies, the standard work to dead specimens
is the Royal Entomological Society Key of 2012 by Peter Barnard and
Emma Ross.
It was always a little daunting for those
just getting in to Caddisflies, so the Freshwater
Biological Association has just published an introduction to the
group written by Stuart Crofts. (For larvae there are the two keys available from the
Freshwater Biological Association that require dead larvae and a
Simple Guide, from the Field Studies Council that enables
identification of those that can be done when alive.) There are many phtographs of adults now
available on the Web but Ian would draw attention to the image bank
accumulating on iRECORD and also the NatureSpot website. Ian can be
contacted directly at
lancschesh@hotmail.com |
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